Dr. Allama Muhammad Iqbal: A Poet and Thinker

Dr. Allama Muhammad Iqbal is the most prominent writer, poet, and philosopher of Urdu and Persian. He was born on November 9, 1877, in Sialkot. Allama Muhammad Iqbal is well-known in Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Kashmir, Sri Lanka, and Iran.

He was also a significant figure for the Muslims of the subcontinent during the freedom movement. He inspired the Muslims of the subcontinent to get liberation from the tyrannies of the British and the Hindus. His inspirations became vital after his Allah Abad Address because, at that time, the Muslims of the subcontinent had a dire need for a personality that could awaken them.

Further, during round table conferences, he also played a significant role in the social and political improvements of the Muslims of the subcontinent.

Early Education

At the age of four years, Allama Iqbal was admitted to a madrassah to learn the Quran. Further, he matriculated from Scotch Mission College in Sialkot in 1893. After Matriculation, Allama Iqbal passed intermediate in the Faculty of Arts from Murray College Sialkot in 1895. To graduate, Allama Iqbal came to Lahore and got admission to Government College Lahore, where he attained a Bachelor of Arts in Philosophy, English, and Arabic in 1897. Further, in 1899, he did a Master of Arts from the same college.

At the age of four years, Allama Iqbal was admitted to a madrassah to learn the Quran. Further, he matriculated from Scotch Mission College in Sialkot in 1893. After enrollment, Iqbal passed intermediate in the Faculty of Arts from Murray College Sialkot in 1895. To graduate, Allama Iqbal came to Lahore and got admission to Government College Lahore, where he attained a Bachelor of Arts in Philosophy, English, and Arabic in 1897. Further, in 1899, he did a Master of Arts from the same college.

Higher Education

Dr. Iqbal was impressed by the teachings of Sir Thomas Arnold. Due to his teachings Dr, Iqbal decided to go to the west of higher education. He got a scholarship at Trinity College, the University of Cambridge, and a bachelor’s degree in 1906. Further, he went to Germany for doctoral studies. He earned the degree of Doctor of Philosophy from the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich in 1908.

Marriage

Dr. Allama Muhammad Iqbal was married three times during his life. Firstly, he got married to Karim Bibi when he was a student of Bachelor of Arts. He was secondly married to Sardar Begum, from whom Javaid Iqbal was born, and thirdly he married Mukhtar Begum in 1914.

Death

Dr. Allama Muhammad Iqbal gave an idea of a separate homeland for the

Dr. Allama Muhammad Iqbal, who gave a vision of an independent homeland for the Muslims of the subcontinent, could not see a separate homeland in Pakistan for the Muslims. He died on April 21, 1938, in Lahore. His tomb is located in Lahore in Hazuri Bagh near Lahore Fort.

Titles

Different titles remember Dr. Allama Muhammad Iqbal. Some of his famous titles are the following.

• Shair-e-Mashriq (the poet of the East)
• Mufakkir-e-Pakistan (the Thinker of Pakistan)
• Musawar-e-Pakistan (the artist of Pakistan)
• Hakeem-ul-Ummat (the Sage of the Ummah)

Finally, Dr. Allama Muhammad Iqbal is formally and officially known as the National Poet. He is remembered every year in Pakistan on the day known as Iqbal Day on November 9.

Dr. Allama Muhammad Iqbal Major Literary Works/ Books List

Persian

1. Asras-i-Khudi (1915)
2. Rumuz-i-Bekhudi (1917)
3. Payam-i-Mashriq (1923)
4. Zabur-i-Ajam (1927)
5. Javid Nama (1932)
6. Pas Cheh Bayed Kard aj Aqwam-e-Sharq (1936)
7. Armughan-e-Hijaz (1938)

Urdu

1. Bang-i-Dara (1924)
2. Bal-i-Jibril (1935)
3. Zarb-i-Kalim (1936)
4. Kulyat e Iqbal

English

1. The Development of Metaphysics in Persia (1908)
2. The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam (1930)

At last, I hope you liked the biography and literary work of the great poet Dr. Allma Muhammad Iqbal. You may also want to check Faiz Ahmad Faiz: A Legend Urdu Poet.